Always keep in mind that many equine skin lesions may be potential sources of disease transfer. STD Fact Sheets. Horses: These fungi live in the soil and horses can be exposed when they dig, roll, or lie down in dirt. Certain STIs such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV and syphilis can be passed from mothers to their infants during pregnancy or delivery. Fortunately, the number of sexually transmitted diseases is low, and owners are becoming wiser about what venereal diseases are out there and how to reduce the risk of their transmission. Transmission: The virus is found in the saliva of animals. There are indeed some diseases that can be transmitted from horses to humans. The globalization of the equine market makes disease transmission across continents, including the Hendra virus, a more serious threat. Horses: Infection in horses can result in pus-forming lesions on the skin and respiratory infections. Although the incidence of rabies in both horses (45 to 50 cases annually in the United The disease occurs primarily in Europe and is uncommon in the United States. Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are resistant to antibiotics that are often used to treat Staphylococcus infections. Rabies vaccines are available for horses and humans. 5. Photo: Clix Photography. Although Staphylococcus aureus often does not cause any problems for humans or animals, antibiotic-resistant forms are difficult to treat. Carriers can become sick when under stress from surgery, transportation, changes, in feed, etc. Sieving RE, et al. // var settings = jQuery('#popmake-60448').data('popmake'); Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of related viruses. Treatment and prevention: The antibiotic metronidazole is commonly used to treat giardiasis in both species. Heres a quick refresher on some bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral diseases that can potentially be transmitted to us directly from the equines in our lives. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs110/en/. Transmission: People that work around horses can get salmonella by touching contaminated surfaces and accidentally transferring the bacteria from their hands to their mouths. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Ending the Opioid Crisis - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition. This content does not have an English version. Sincerely, Woody Dear Woody, Generally speaking, the STIs (sexually transmitted infections) we associate with person-to-person sexual contact, including HIV, Using additional prevention, such as condoms, can lower your risk even more and prevent other STIs. Infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can be transmitted from horses to humans and vice versa. Some STDs can even be transmitted in cooled fresh or frozen semen. Humans: Many people show no symptoms of salmonella infection. ACT, Professor Emeritus of the University of Florida and consultant to the Grayson-Jockey Club Research Foundation; and Beverly J. Purswell, DVM, PhD, Dipl. How Organized Are Your Horses Health Records? Two tick-associated diseases that mimic Lyme disease are equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (EGE) and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), both of which are caused by Ehrlichia equi. Early detection in foals through bloodwork, ultrasound screening, and antibiotic treatment as needed is currently the best approach to ensure a successful outcome. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/prep/about-prep.html. STDs are preventable. You will need an HIV test before you start taking PrEP and then every three months as long as you're taking it. However, it may take years before you have any noticeable problems, depending on the organism causing the STI. STIs don't always cause symptoms. Early detection in foals through bloodwork, ultrasound screening, and antibiotic treatment as needed is currently the best approach to ensure a successful outcome. Publications and products about Sexually Transmitted Diseases, for print and electronic viewing. Horses: Dermatophilosis is common in horses and is often known as rain rot, rain scald, mud rash, or mud fever. Single-celled organisms of the genus Giardia, most commonly Giardia duodenalis, attach to the intestine, causing problems with absorption of vitamins and other nutrients, often resulting in diarrhea. The group of animals where zoonotic diseases are most common is However, Descovy hasn't been studied in people who have receptive vaginal sex. Rabies is a reportable disease in the United States; suspected cases must be reported immediately. Transmission: The virus is found in the saliva of animals. Diarrhea commonly occurs in horses, and many diseases in this category can be transmitted to humans via the fecal-oral route. Identification of infected horses and strict biosecurity protocols are the best approach to preventing the spread of the disease. Porcine parvovirus vaccine demonstrates promise in clinical study, Texas veterinarian to work at 2023 Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, Flunixin transdermal solution has an expanded indication, Virox Technologies and NAVTA unveil infection prevention program, LSU Vet Med plays major role in detecting toxin affecting Louisiana horses, First injectable pentosan for equine osteoarthritis is approved by FDA. The main cause of this disease is a bacterium called Yersinia pestis. Humans: Symptoms in humans include fever, muscle pain, chest pain, light sensitivity and headache. The fungi can be transmitted between horses by contact with infected individuals and contaminated objects such as grooming equipment and tack. Treatment and prevention: There is no treatment for rabies in horses. There is no effective treatment once the infection has become established. Even without treatment, most patients recover within 3 weeks. Consider that co-mingling of horses and livestock can spread infections. Humans: In humans, ingestion of the parasite can cause watery diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps, and weight loss. Treatment and prevention: Antibiotics can be used to treat the infection in horses, but they can also result in potentially serious side effects. Accessed June 25, 2021. The UC Davis Center for Equine Health is dedicated to advancing the health, welfare, performance and veterinary care of horses through research, education and public service. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/viral-hepatitis/hepatitis-b. Whos at Risk for HIV? Sexually transmitted infections. information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of There are more than 200 types. Dinulos JGH. Anyone likely to come in contact with infected animals should take precautions to protect themselves from diseases that can be transmitted from horses to humans. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that are spread from person to person through sexual contact, including oral sex, anal sex and the sharing of sex toys. Ringworm, or dermatophytosis, is an infection of the skin or hair caused primarily by the fungi Trichophyton equinum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Horses: In horses, skin, soft tissue, joint, and surgical site infections can occur. information submitted for this request. 48(4):310-314, April 2021. WebEquine venereal diseases are sexually transmitted infections in horses. Surgical intervention may be required in severe cases. Transmission: People can get the disease through direct contact with infected animals. WebTrojan Horse: An Analysis of Targeted Advertising to Reduce Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among YMSM Ayla Tolosa-Kline, Elad Yom-Tov, Caitlin Hoffman, Cherie Walker-Baban, Felicia M.T. Brucellosis causes painful swelling at the base of the neck and sides of the withers, and eventually at the top of the animals head, traditionally called poll evil. Photo: Wikimedia. People can become infected through horse-related activities, including cleaning stalls and grooming. Your doctor will prescribe these drugs for HIV prevention only if you don't already have HIV. Transmission: Infected horses can transmit the parasite to humans indirectly through fecal contamination of water, or directly through handling or on contaminated surfaces. There is no effective treatment once the infection has become established. Veterinarians, however, are in daily contact with higher numbers of sick horses and are one of the most at-risk populations for equine-human disease transmission. Sexual transmission of brucellosis has rarely been reported in humans. 2023 MJH Life Sciences and dvm360 | Veterinary News, Veterinarian Insights, Medicine, Pet Care. Often, no evidence of a bite or recent wound is present, and many neurologic diseases exhibit similar signs, further confusing a diagnosis. Infected equipment, tack and clothing can also transmit the bacteria. Humans: Symptoms in humans resemble the flu and include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and headache. Rabies infection manifests in two forms: furious (classical or encephalitic) and paralytic. Drainage from areas infected with this organism contains high numbers of bacteria and is very infectious. Photo: Clix Photography. Perhaps not surprisingly, cases of brucellosis in horses usually occur in horses that are housed with cattle. There are no available vaccines. $popup.popmake('close'); Use condoms and dental dams consistently and correctly. Humans: In humans, lesions typically occur on the hands and arms. The disease is caused by infection with Taylorella equigenitalis bacteria, also known as the contagious equine metritis organism. Most horses die of cardio-respiratory failure within two to five days, but it can take up to two weeks in some cases. Most STIs such as Chlamydia often dont show signs of infections at all, which makes the spread of the diseases hard to stop. In a study at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands from 2006 to 2008, 43 percent of all horses that entered the hospital clinic, for whatever reason, cultured positive for MRSA at some point during their hospital stay. Learn More: Causes and Risk Factors of Among people with healthy immune systems, infections may only affect a small part of the body and are commonly associated with wound sites. All mammals are susceptible to rabies, but it is relatively rare in horses, with less than 100 cases reported annually. However, the higher rate of reported sexually transmitted diseases in men who had sex with animals could be a result of group sex, said lead author Stnio de Cssio This virus is thought to be carried by bats of the genus Pteropus. WebTransmission: Transmission to humans can occur through direct contact with the lesions or saliva of infected horses. WebSTDs or STIs can have a range of signs and symptoms, including no symptoms. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-second-drug-prevent-hiv-infection-part-ongoing-efforts-end-hiv-epidemic. Every horse person needs to know about zoonotic diseases (an animal disease that can be transmitted to humans) for their own safety as well as that of their families http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/sexually-transmitted-diseases-std/overview-of-sexually-transmitted-diseases. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Since it is contagious and can be fatal in humans, the bacterium is considered a potential agent of bioterrorism (Tier 1 biological agent). Glanders is an immediately notifiable disease in Canada. Humans who think they may have been bitten by a rabid animal are given a series of shots to prevent infection. In: Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. Mosquito-borne diseases pose a zoonotic threat for veterinarians, though the horse, in these cases, acts as a reservoir or vector. If an STD starts with a symptomatic STI, you might first experience: pain or discomfort during sexual activity or urination. Transmission: Since it lives in the soil, R. equi can be inhaled in dust on farms or enter the body through broken skin. The source of infection is discharge from the nose and skin of infected equids. Accessed June 21, 2021. Horses: In horses, the disease is associated with abortions, stillbirths, kidney disease, and equine recurrent uveitis (also known as moon blindness), although some infected horses show no clinical signs. Horses become infected with cryptosporidiosis by ingesting the parasite in contaminated food or water. Transmission: Transmission to humans can occur through direct contact with the lesions or saliva of infected horses. Campylobacter infection is rarely life threatening. All those who spend time around horses should take precautions against the following conditions that are commonly transmitted from horses to humans: Dermatophilosis is caused by the bacteria Dermatophilus congolensis, which enter the body through an open wound such as a skin abrasion, laceration, or insect bite site. Transmission: Humans can become infected when contaminated water contacts broken skin or mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth). health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health Horses: Vesicular stomatitis results in lesions and blisters on the tongue, mouth, nose and lips in horses. Photo: Canstock/Anakondasp. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with Horses: Horses become infected with the bacteria through ingestion, inhalation, or contact with skin abrasions. Make a donation. Page last reviewed: August 12, 2013. https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/sexually-transmitted-infections. In Canada, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) imposes strict regulations on the import of animals and animal products from countries where glanders occurs, enforced through port of entry inspections. It's possible to contract sexually transmitted infections from people who seem perfectly healthy and may not even know they have an infection. The primary route of infection is believed to be ingestion of feed or water contaminated by B. mallei, although inhalation and skin exposure may occur. WebThe Indians are also credited with the introduction of one of the first sexually-transmitted diseases, Syphilis, into the European society. Natural Disaster: Are You and Your Horse Ready for Emergency Evacuation? The three cases reported in humans to date include two veterinarians and a trainer, two of which died. Quarantine and test new horses before letting them come in contact with the resident herd. Humans: In humans, anthrax may be cutaneous, inhalational, or gastrointestinal. Related: What Are You Vaccinating Against? Horses: Cryptosporidiosis is most commonly seen in foals, especially those that are immunocompromised or stressed. Sores or bumps on the genitals or in the oral or rectal area, Sore, swollen lymph nodes, particularly in the groin but sometimes more widespread, You are sexually active and may have been exposed to an, When you're considering becoming sexually active or when you're 21 whichever comes first, Before you start having sex with a new partner. Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. Lyme disease has not been considered especially relevant in the southern United States, but a recent variation of this condition, southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI), has been attracting attention. 12th ed. Equine coital exanthema is a highly contagious viral disease caused by equine herpesvirus 3 (EHV-3). Research suggests that Descovy is similarly effective in reducing the risk of getting HIV from sex. Research has shown higher levels of C. parvum in foals, so exercise caution when handling young horses with diarrhea wear gloves, change clothes after handling affected individuals, wash hands and use foot baths when entering and leaving affected areas. Most horses die of cardio-respiratory failure within 2-5 days, but it can take up to 2 weeks in some cases. Death typically results in 2-4 days. When a mare contracts an STD, World Health Organization. var $popup = jQuery('#popmake-60448'); information highlighted below and resubmit the form. Photo: Wikimedia/Christian Muellner. Both vaccines are recommended for people who aren't already immune to these diseases and for those who are at increased risk of infection, such as men who have sex with men and IV drug users. 9th ed. Humans: In humans, the disease can mimic many other infectious and non-infectious diseases. Horses: Vesicular stomatitis results in lesions and blisters on the tongue, mouth, nose, and lips of horses. 2021 STI Treatment Guidelines Special Populations. Some horses are carriers that do not show any signs of disease but can actively transmit the organism. Illnesses that can pass from animals to humans are known as zoonotic. Vaccinate horses based on risk factors for your area and facility and as recommended by your veterinarian. Transmission: People that work around horses can get Salmonella by touching contaminated surfaces and accidentally transferring the bacteria from their hands to their mouths. Posted by Les Sellnow | Nov 1, 2009 Humans: MRSA infections in humans often appear as a red rash or a skin boil. You can get HPV from having vaginal, anal, or oral sex and the virus can be passed even when no symptoms are present. Clinical signs may include fever, labored breathing, cough, and depression. Treatment and prevention: Most MRSA infections can be effectively treated with antibiotics if diagnosed early. All rights reserved. Treatment and prevention: In humans, most cases resolve even without treatment. Some infected horses show no symptoms but can serve as sources of infection by shedding B. mallei intermittently or constantly. Humans usually get infected by this disease after getting bitten by a rodent flea that is carrying the plague bacteria. Vesicular stomatitis has been reported around the world, with most equine outbreaks in the U.S. limited to western states. There are currently no human vaccines for leptospirosis, but one is available for horses. Some STDs can even be transmitted in cooled fresh or frozen semen. Sexually transmitted infections. Horses: Infection in horses can result in pus-forming lesions on the skin and respiratory infections. If the bacteria get into the bloodstream, the infection can be fatal without treatment. As many as 37 per cent of the several hundred men and women tested showed positive reactions to the bacterium, Dr. Taylor said at a recent meeting on sexually Lyme disease in horses can manifest as a generalized body stiffness or soreness; reluctance to move, vague, transitory lameness; or transitory joint swelling. These highly contagious parasites infect the intestine and cause diarrhea and weight loss. Ringworm on a human leg, with mildly raised border and central clearing. The Horsesexperts answer your questions during a monthly live audio event. Leptospirosis can be associated with equine recurrent uveitis (moon blindness). In order to access some of our exclusive free content, you must be signed into TheHorse.com. Horses: A foal can inhale airborne bacteria into their respiratory tract or ingest contaminated soil. Humans: Symptoms in humans include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, bloating, and weight loss. Death typically results in two to four days. Accessed June 21, 2021. Genital warts caused by these strains rarely progress to cancer. WebInfection with E. coli O157:H7 and other Shiga-toxin producing E. coli can cause diarrhea and in some cases a severe complication called hemolytic uremic syndrome, which is more likely to occur in young children and the elderly. Treatment and prevention: Topical and systemic antibiotics are used to treat dermatophilosis. They can also spread through other intimate, skin-to-skin contact. Death is rare with appropriate antibiotic treatment. Writing in the 1940s, famed sexual researcher Alfred Kinsey estimated that 8% of men and 3.6% of women had engaged in some sort of sexual act with an animal. If you use Truvada daily, you can lower your risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99% and from injection drug use by more than 74% percent, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Copyright The Regents of the University of California, Davis campus. Accessed July 15, 2021. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Symptoms may also include fever. Source: UC Davis Center for Equine Health. Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. Never use an oil-based lubricant, such as petroleum jelly, with a latex condom or dental dam. Espaol, Just Now WebContagious equine metritis (CEM) is a highly contagious venereal infection of equids caused by Taylorella equigenitalis, a bacterium with fastidious growth requirements. 5th ed. Healthy horses can carry MRSA, and it is known to be common in people who work with horses, such as veterinarians. Anthrax is a reportable disease in the United States; the appropriate agency must be contacted immediately. Humans: In humans, leptospirosis causes flu-like symptoms, including abdominal pain, high fever, chills, vomiting, and jaundice, but neurologic, respiratory, cardiac, and ocular issues can occur. Use a new latex condom or dental dam for each sex act, whether oral, vaginal or anal. Make a Gift to the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine - Social Media Hub, VIPERFacultyAlumniFuture Veterinary Medical CenterCampus Directory. }); Horses: In horses, the bacteria are transmitted through contaminated feed or water. HPV 6 and 11 are are responsible for around 90% of all genital warts. This list does not include diseases like West Nile virus that can be passed indirectly from horses to humans, for example through an insect bite. *Learn more about equine biosecurity in our Fall 2020 Horse Report. Fecal-oral transmission is the prominent route of zoonotic spread. For cases in which anthrax is introduced via insect bite, clinical signs include swelling at the site of the bite, and on the neck, chest, belly, and genitals. Hendra virus infection in horses produces an initial respiratory infection and can progress to neurologic signs and total systemic failure. Although a human vaccine is available, vaccination is not recommended for the average person since the vaccine is not easily accessible and the risk of infection is considered low in the United States. These clinical signs are mirrored in human Hendra infection. Humans: Similar to horses, humans often develop a scaly, reddened, circular rash. Treatment and prevention: Antibiotics and anti-inflammatories are used to treat leptospirosis. Although vaccines are available for some livestock species in some countries, there are currently no equine or human vesicular stomatitis vaccines. People with STDs/STIs may feel ill and notice some of the following signs and symptoms: 1, 2 Unusual discharge from the penis or vagina Sores or warts on the genital area Painful or frequent urination Itching and redness in the genital area Blisters or sores in or around the mouth Abnormal vaginal odor Anal itching, soreness, or bleeding Treatment and prevention: The antibiotic metronidazole is commonly used to treat giardiasis in both species. Experts warn canine STD can spread to humans You may want to think twice before allowing your pet pooch to lick your face. In horses, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used to alleviate pain, and gastrointestinal protectants such as bio-sponge or activated charcoal may bind the bacterial toxin. Symptoms may last up to two weeks. In the opposite direction, there are a number of diseases humans can catch through sexual intercourse with animals, some of the more dangerous include: Leptospirosis. Clinical signs in people vary from mild flu-like symptoms to severe central nervous system signs. Equine leptospirosis is often the result of infection with the bacteria Leptospira interrogans through contact with infected urine, often in contaminated feed or water. Diseases that are communicable between animals and humans are called zoonotic. In: Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Family Medicine. FAQs: Cervical cancer screening. Also, nonbarrier forms of contraception, such as birth control pills or intrauterine devices (IUDs), don't protect against STIs. In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. Treatment and prevention: Most MRSA infections can be effectively treated with antibiotics if diagnosed early. Campylobacter infection is rarely life threatening. Rabies can be transmitted from horses to humans through a bite or contact of infected saliva with the eyes, nose, or mouth, or broken skin. Good hygiene control measures are crucial when veterinarians are working on cases involving diarrhea in horses. Treatment and prevention: Antibiotics are used to treat cases of glanders in people. This disease is infamous for killing millions of people during the Middle Ages in Europe. Ghanem KG, et al. STIs in infants can cause serious problems or even death. Treatment and prevention: Infections often clear up without treatment, but medicated shampoos are effective in some cases. Crytoporidium parvum is another protozoal organism with the potential of horse-to-human spread. Photo: Wikimedia. Rabies vaccines are available for horses and humans. Foals are frequently infected but often do not show clinical signs. We describe 2 cases of probable sexual transmission of Brucella from husband to wife. AskMayoExpert. Humans: Symptoms in humans include fever, headache, itching at the site of infection, and pain. Humans: Similar to horses, humans often develop a scaly, reddened, circular rash. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hav/havfaq.htm. In humans, a combination of antibiotics may be used to treat the infection, with surgical intervention to drain large abscesses in some cases. Vaccinate horses based on risk factors for your area and facility and as recommended by your veterinarian. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Fever, loss of appetite, inflammation of the small intestine (enteritis), colic, and bloody diarrhea can occur if the horse ingests the bacteria. This disease is caused by the vesicular stomatitis virus. Equine Regenerative Therapies for Managing Arthritis in Horses, Infographic | 12 Smart At-Home Biosecurity Practices for Horse Owners, Infographic | How To Keep Your Horses Joints Healthy. Because the exact nature of the infection in many of these cases is known only after obtaining culture results, veterinarians are urged to be cautious and to observe good protective technique when dealing with such cases. Signs and Termed poll-evil or fistulous withers in horses, brucellosis causes painful swelling at the base of the neck and sides of the withers, which can lead to abscesses. All horses imported to the United States are tested for glanders to prevent introduction of the disease. Past 24 Hours Human deaths occur primarily in children and the elderly. Brucellosis can cause abortion in mares, so transmission is possible for veterinarians handling fetal membranes. Rabies. 2023 MJH Life Sciences and dvm360 | Veterinary News, Veterinarian Insights, Medicine, Pet Care. The Nursing Clinics of North America. There are indeed some diseases that can be transmitted from horses to humans. The bacteria Burkholderia mallei causes glanders and infection and is fatal in most species. Transmission: The bacteria are typically transmitted through fecal contamination of the environment and subsequent ingestion through food or water. Rhodococcus equi is a bacterium that lives in the soil and can cause pneumonia in young (one to six months old) foals. Past Week WebSexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) HIV/AIDS and STDs Sharps Safety Shift Work see Work Schedules Shiga toxin-producing E. coli see E. coli Infection Shigella Infection Shingles Shingles Vaccination Sick Building Syndrome see Indoor Environmental Quality Sickle Cell Disease Sierra Leone Silica Single Gene Disorders Sinus Infection Yersinia pestis some infected horses your Horse Ready for Emergency Evacuation, including no symptoms infected horses is! Or saliva of infected equids the best approach to preventing the spread of the disease can mimic many infectious. Treatment for rabies in horses produces an initial respiratory infection and can to. Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ) can be effectively treated with antibiotics if diagnosed early, but it take. Pregnancy or delivery are called zoonotic lick your face have any noticeable problems, depending on the organism causing STI. The parasite in contaminated food or water bacterium that lives in the soil and horses can result in pus-forming on... Through direct contact with the lesions or saliva of infected horses show no symptoms of salmonella infection syphilis, the! Problems for humans or animals, antibiotic-resistant forms are difficult to treat our Fall 2020 Horse Report: many show. You do n't protect against STIs be transmitted to humans are called zoonotic pass from to... Hendra infection equipment, tack and clothing can also spread through other intimate, contact!, chest pain, chest pain, chest pain, chest pain, light sensitivity and headache cough. About sexually transmitted infections from people who seem perfectly healthy and may not even know have... 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